Ukukhula komnotho womhlaba kwehla kancane futhi kungase kubangele ukwehla komnotho okuhambisanayo.
Ngo-Okthoba odlule, i-International Monetary Fund (IMF) yabikezela ukuthi umnotho womhlaba uzokhula ngo-4.9% ngo-2022. Ngemva kweminyaka ecishe ibe mibili ephawulwe wubhubhane, kwaba uphawu olwamukelekayo lokubuyela kancane kancane esimeni esijwayelekile.Embikweni wayo ophuma kabili ngonyaka, i-IMF ishaye amanothi anethemba, iveza ukuthi ngenkathi ubhubhane luqhubeka, kwaba njalo - yize kungalingani kuzo zonke izifunda - ukusimama komnotho.
Ezinyangeni eziyisithupha nje kamuva, i-IMF yabuyekeza izibikezelo zayo: cha, yasho, kulo nyaka umnotho uzokhula uze ufike ku-3.6%.Ukusikeka—amaphuzu angu-1,3 ngaphansi kwalokho okwakubikezelwe ngaphambili futhi okunye okukhulu kunakho konke kwesiKhwama kusukela ekuqaleni kwaleli khulu leminyaka—kwabangelwa ingxenye enkulu (ngokungamangalisi) impi yase-Ukraine.
“Imiphumela yezomnotho yempi isakazekela kude nakude—njengamagagasi okuzamazama komhlaba avela esiqongweni sokuzamazama komhlaba—ikakhulukazi ngezimakethe zempahla, ezohwebo, nokuxhumana kwezezimali,” kubhala uMqondisi Wezocwaningo, uPierre-Olivier Gourinchas, esitatimendeni. isandulela sohlelo luka-April lwe-World Economic Outlook.“Ngenxa yokuthi iRussia ingumphakeli omkhulu kawoyela, igesi, nezinsimbi, futhi, kanye ne-Ukraine, kakolweni nommbila, ukwehla kwamanje nokulindelwe kokuhlinzekwa kwalezi zimpahla sekuvele kwenyuse kakhulu amanani azo.IYurophu, iCaucasus kanye ne-Asia Ephakathi, iMpumalanga Ephakathi kanye neNyakatho Afrika, kanye ne-sub-Saharan Africa yizona ezithinteka kakhulu.Ukwenyuka kwentengo yokudla nophethiloli kuzolimaza imindeni ehola kancane emhlabeni wonke—kuhlanganise naseMelika nase-Asia.”
Kuyavunywa — ngenhlonipho yokungezwani kwezepolitiki nezokuhwebelana — umnotho womhlaba wawuvele ulandela indlela eya phansi ngaphambi kwempi nobhubhane.Ngo-2019, ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuthi i-Covid-19 ithuthukise impilo njengoba besazi, umqondisi ophethe we-IMF, uKristalina Georgiaieva, waxwayisa: “Eminyakeni emibili edlule, umnotho womhlaba ubusuthuthuke ngendlela ehambisanayo.Ikalwa nge-GDP, cishe ama-75% omhlaba ayekhula ngesivinini.Namuhla, umnotho womhlaba owengeziwe uyahambisana.Kodwa ngeshwa, lesi sikhathi ukukhula kuncipha.Ukunemba, ngo-2019 silindele ukukhula kancane cishe kuma-90% omhlaba.
Ukuwohloka komnotho bekulokhu kuhlasela abanye abantu kakhulu kunabanye kodwa lokho kungalingani kubhebhethekiswe yilolu bhubhane.Ukungalingani kuyanda kokubili emazweni nasezifundeni ezithuthukile nezisafufusa.
I-IMF ihlole ukusebenza komnotho emazweni athuthukile emashumini ambalwa eminyaka adlule, futhi yathola ukuthi ukungalingani kwamazwe angaphansi kunyukile kusukela ngasekupheleni kwawo-1980.Lezi zikhala ku-GDP yomuntu ngamunye ziyaphikelela, ziyanda ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi zingaba zikhulu kakhulu kunomehluko phakathi kwamazwe.
Uma kukhulunywa ngezomnotho ezifundeni ezimpofu kakhulu, zonke zibonisa izici ezifanayo ezizibeka esimweni esingesihle kakhulu lapho kufika inkinga.Bavamise ukuba ngabasemaphandleni, abangafundile futhi abakhethekile emikhakheni yendabuko efana nezolimo, ezokukhiqiza nezimayini, kuyilapho amazwe asethuthukile ngokuvamile ehlala emadolobheni, afundile futhi akhethekile emikhakheni yezinsizakalo zokukhula komkhiqizo ophezulu njengobuchwepheshe bolwazi, ezezimali kanye nezokuxhumana.Ukulungiswa kokushaqeka okubi kuhamba kancane futhi kunemiphumela engemihle ephile isikhathi eside ekusebenzeni komnotho, kukhokhisa inqwaba yeminye imiphumela engathandeki esukela ekusweleni kakhulu kwemisebenzi kanye nomuzwa owehlisiwe wenhlalakahle yomuntu siqu.Ubhubhane kanye nenkinga yokudla emhlabeni wonke eyabangelwa impi yase-Ukraine kuwubufakazi obucacile balokho.
| Isifunda | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 5-Yeminyaka Avg.I-GDP % |
| Umhlaba | 3.6 | 2.9 | -3.1 | 6.1 | 3.6 | 2.6 |
| Iminotho ethuthukile | 2.3 | 1.7 | -4.5 | 5.2 | 3.3 | 1.6 |
| Indawo ye-Euro | 1.8 | 1.6 | -6.4 | 5.3 | 2.8 | 1.0 |
| Izomnotho ezithuthukile ezinkulu (G7) | 2.1 | 1.6 | -4.9 | 5.1 | 3.2 | 1.4 |
| Umnotho othuthukile ngaphandle kwe-G7 kanye nendawo ye-euro) | 2.8 | 2.0 | -1.8 | 5.0 | 3.1 | 2.2 |
| iyuniyani yase-Europe | 2.2 | 2.0 | -5.9 | 5.4 | 2.9 | 1.3 |
| Izimakethe ezisafufusa kanye nezomnotho ezisathuthuka | 4.6 | 3.7 | -2.0 | 6.8 | 3.8 | 3.4 |
| I-Commonwealth Yamazwe Azimele | 6.4 | 5.3 | -0.8 | 7.3 | 5.4 | 4.7 |
| IYurophu Esafufusa nesathuthuka | 3.4 | 2.5 | -1.8 | 6.7 | -2.9 | 1.6 |
| I-ASEAN-5 | 5.4 | 4.9 | -3.4 | 3.4 | 5.3 | 3.1 |
| ELatin America naseCaribbean | 1.2 | 0.1 | -7.0 | 6.8 | 2.5 | 0.7 |
| EMpumalanga Ephakathi nase-Asia Ephakathi | 2.7 | 2.2 | -2.9 | 5.7 | 4.6 | 2.4 |
| I-Sub-Saharan Africa | 3.3 | 3.1 | -1.7 | 4.5 | 3.8 | 2.6 |
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-14-2022