Titanium

Titanium, ikimenyetso cyimiti Ti, atome numero 22, nikintu cyicyuma cyitsinda rya IVB kumeza yigihe.Ingingo yo gushonga ya titanium ni 1660 ℃, aho itetse ni 3287 and, n'ubucucike ni 4.54g / cm³.Titanium nicyuma cyinzibacyuho irangwa nuburemere bworoshye, imbaraga nyinshi, hamwe no kurwanya ruswa.Kubera imiterere yimiti ihamye, irwanya neza ubushyuhe bwinshi, ubushyuhe buke, aside ikomeye na alkali, hamwe nimbaraga nyinshi nubucucike buke, izwi nka "icyuma cyo mu kirere".Ikintu gikunze kugaragara cya titanium ni dioxyde ya titanium (bakunze kwita dioxyde de titanium).Ibindi bikoresho birimo titanium tetrachloride na titanium trichloride.Titanium ni kimwe mu bintu byakwirakwijwe cyane kandi byinshi mu butaka bw’isi, bingana na 0.16% by’ubutaka bw’isi, biza ku mwanya wa cyenda.Amabuye y'agaciro ya titanium ni ilmenite na rutile.Ibyiza bibiri byingenzi bya titanium ni imbaraga zidasanzwe hamwe n’ingamba zikomeye zo kurwanya ruswa, ibyo bikaba byerekana ko titanium igomba gukoreshwa cyane mu kirere, intwaro n’ibikoresho, ingufu, imiti, metallurgie, ubwubatsi n’ubwikorezi n’izindi nzego.Ibigega byinshi bitanga ibikoresho shingiro ryagutse rya titanium.

Imiterere yinganda ikeneye byihutirwa guhinduka

Nyuma yiterambere ryihuse kuva mu kinyejana gishya, Ubushinwa buri mwaka umusaruro wa titanium sponge wageze kuri toni 150.000, naho umusaruro wa titanium ingot ugera kuri toni 124.000.Mu gihe isoko ry’imbere mu gihugu ryagabanutse, umusaruro nyirizina muri 2014 wari toni 67.825 na toni 57.039, igipimo cy’ibikorwa ntigihagije, kandi ibigo byinshi biri mu mwanya w’ibicuruzwa bikomoka ku bicuruzwa bito, guhuza ibicuruzwa, guhatana gukabije, gukora neza.Ku rundi ruhande, mu by'indege, ubuvuzi n'ibindi bicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru ubushakashatsi n'iterambere ndetse n'umusaruro, ntidushobora guhaza ibikenewe mu iterambere ry'ibikoresho byo mu gihugu, indege ya titanium ivanze n'ibikoresho byo kwa muganga bya titanium n'ibindi bicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru bikenera gutumizwa mu mahanga.Kubera iyo mpamvu, uruganda rwa titanium mu Bushinwa ruri hejuru y’imiterere.Guhindura imiterere yinganda za titanium nikibazo cyubushobozi burenze urugero bigomba gukemurwa na leta, abenegihugu ndetse ninganda.