Ukuchatshazelwa zizinto ezinje ngemfuno eqhubekayo eyomeleleyo yothutho lwezikhongozeli zamazwe aphesheya kunye nokuphazamiseka kwekhonkco lokubonelela ngezinto ezibangelwa kukusasazwa kwesifo senyumoniya esitsha, kulo nyaka uphelileyo, unikezelo kunye nemfuno yentengiso yeenqanawa zamazwe ngamazwe yayingalungelelananga, Umthamo weenqanawe zekhonteyina ubuqinile, kwaye amaxabiso amakhonkco ohlukeneyo kuthungelwano lothungelwano lwaselwandle ayenyuka.Iyakuba yintoni intsingiselo yemarike yokuthumela iikhonteyina zamazwe ngamazwe kwixesha elizayo?Ngaba amaxabiso aya kuqhubeka “enyuka njengempambano”?

Ukubonelela kunye nokungalingani kwemfuno kunzima kakhulu ukunciphisa.

Ngokubhekiselele kunikezelo lwezikhongozeli ezingenanto, izikhongozeli ezinzima zelizwe lam ezithumela kumazwe angaphandle kwiindlela zamazwe ngamazwe zidla ngokuba zikhulu kunezikhongozeli ezinzima ezivela kumazwe angaphandle.Ukongezelela, ilizwe lam liye lakhokela ekulawuleni lo bhubhani yaye likhokele ekuqaliseni kwakhona umsebenzi nokuvelisa.Isixa esikhulu semfuno yeempahla saqala ukutshintshela eTshayina, kwaye imfuno yezikhongozeli ezingenanto yonyuka kakhulu.Kwangaxeshanye, ukujikeleziswa kwezikhongozeli phesheya kolwandle akugudi, kwaye ukubuyiswa kwezikhongozeli ezingenanto ngolwandle kuye kwacotha, nto leyo ebangele ukunqongophala kwezikhongozeli ezingenanto.

Nangona kunjalo, ilizwe lam lelona lizwe likhulu ekwenzeni izitya zokuthumela ngenqanawa.Ukusukela kwisiqingatha sesibini sika-2020, iSebe lezoShishino kunye neTekhnoloji yezoLwazi kunye namanye amasebe ebesoloko enxibelelanisa amashishini okwenza iikhonteyina zaseTshayina ukwandisa ukuphuma kweekhonteyina, kwaye iSebe lezoThutho lilungelelanise kwaye liyalele iinkampani ze-liner ukuba zonyuse ukubuyiswa kwezikhongozeli ezingenanto. ukusuka kumazibuko aphesheya.Okwangoku, ukunqongophala kwezikhongozeli ezingenanto kumazibuko elizwe lam kusonjululwe ngokusisiseko, kwaye unikezelo lwemigqomo emitsha luqinisekisiwe ngokwaneleyo, nto leyo eye yenza buthathaka impembelelo kumaxabiso othutho.

Kwangaxeshanye, umsantsa kumthamo wokuthumela akulula kangako ukuzalisa.Ngokutsho kwedatha evela kwi-Alphaliner, umcebisi wenqanawa wamazwe ngamazwe, ekupheleni kuka-2021, isithuba se-container ye-container yehlabathi jikelele yayiyi-24.97 yezigidi ze-TEUs, ukunyuka ngonyaka kwe-4.6%.Zonke iinqanawa ezikhoyo kwihlabathi jikelele ziye zafakwa emarikeni, ngaphandle kokulungiswa nokugcinwa okuyimfuneko.Ngenxa yokunyameka okuphantsi konikezelo lomthamo wokuthuthwa kwenqanawa, iiodolo zenqanawa ezintsha ngokubanzi zifuna umjikelo wokwakhiwa kweenqanawa ongaphezulu kweenyanga ezili-18 ukuze ubekwe emarikeni.Kwimeko yokunyuka kwemfuno, unikezelo alukwazi ukufikelela ngokukhawuleza ukukhula.

Amaxabiso othutho aya kuhlala ephezulu.

Ikakhulu ngamashishini amancinci naphakathi amkela izinga lothutho kwimarike yendawo.Kwimeko yendawo exineneyo, ezinye iinkampani ezithumela imithwalo ziye zanyusa kakhulu iindleko zokuthumela ngenqanawa kunye neentlawulo ezongezelelekileyo zeenkampani zamalayini.Okukhona amanqanaba okuthunyelwa kwempahla egqithiselwayo, kokukhona ukwanda okukhulu.

Umntu ophethe isebe elichaphazelekayo loMphathiswa wezoThutho uthe ngo-2022, imfuno yemarike yokuthumela iikhonteyina yehlabathi kunye nokuhanjiswa kuya kugcina ukukhula okuhambelanayo, kodwa kukho ukungaqiniseki kuzinzo kunye nokugudiswa kwekhonkco lokubonelela ngezinto zehlabathi.Esona sizathu sikukuba ubhubhani omtsha wenyumoniya usanwenwa kwihlabathi jikelele, kwaye ezinye ezinkulu phesheya kweelwandle Akukho phawu lucacileyo lokuphucuka kokuxinana kwamazibuko.

Ukuxinana kwamanye amazibuko amakhulu aphesheya kolwandle kuyaqhubeka nokuchaphazela isixokelelwano sothungelwano lwehlabathi lwaselwandle.Kulindeleke ukuba iireyithi zokuthumela iikhonteyina zihlale ziphezulu kwisiqingatha sokuqala salo nyaka.Kwisiqingatha sesibini sonyaka, unikezelo kunye nemfuno yemeko yemarike yokuthumela iikhonteyina kwihlabathi, uphuhliso lwendyikityha yezifo zaphesheya kunye nokuxinana kwamazibuko kuya kuqhubeka ukumisela imeko yentengiso.

Yenza zonke iinzame zokuzinzisa isixokelelwano sobonelelo.

Ngo-2022, urhwebo lwelizwe lam lwangaphandle luya kujongana nezinto ezininzi ezingaqinisekanga.Ukuzinzisa urhwebo lwangaphandle kunye nokuqinisekisa uzinzo kunye nokugudiseka kwekhonkco lezoshishino kunye nekhonkco lokubonelela kusafuna iinzame ezidibeneyo zawo onke amasebe kunye namakhonkco.Kutshanje, ingxelo ekhutshwe yi-Shanghai Shipping Exchange ibonisa ukuba nangona imeko yendyikityha yendawo kwilizwe lam isanda kusasazeka kwiindawo ezininzi, imeko yobhubhane kwilizwe lonke iyalawuleka, exhasa imarike yokuthumela ngaphandle ukuqhubeka nokugcina imeko entle. , kwaye iqhubela ukuhanjiswa kwesikhongozeli samazibuko elizwe lam ukugcina umgangatho ophezulu.Kwikota yokuqala, ukuhanjiswa kwemithwalo yelizwe kunye nokuhanjiswa kweekhonteyina kuqhubekile ukugcina ukukhula okuzinzileyo.