Ukukhula koqoqosho lwehlabathi kuyehla kwaye kunokubangela ukudodobala koqoqosho.
Ku-Okthobha ophelileyo, i-International Monetary Fund (IMF) yaqikelela ukuba uqoqosho lwehlabathi luya kukhula nge-4.9% ngo-2022. Emva kweminyaka ephantse ibe mibini iphawulwe ngubhubhane, yayiluphawu olwamkelekileyo lokubuyela kancinci kancinci kwisimo sesiqhelo.Kwingxelo yayo yonyaka kabini, i-IMF ibethe amanqaku anethemba, ichaza ukuba ngelixa ubhubhane uqhubeka, bekunjalo-nangona kungalinganiyo kuyo yonke imimandla-ukubuyiswa koqoqosho.
Kwiinyanga nje ezintandathu kamva, i-IMF yahlaziya izibikezelo zayo: hayi, yathi, kulo nyaka uqoqosho luya kukhula lube yi-3.6%.Ukunqunyulwa—i-1.3 amanqaku angaphantsi kunoko bekuqikelelwe ngaphambili kwaye yenye yezona zikhulu zeNgxowa-mali ukususela ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane—yayibangelwa ubukhulu becala (ngokungamangalisiyo) kwimfazwe yaseUkraine.
"Iimpembelelo zezoqoqosho zemfazwe zisasazeka ngokubanzi-njengamaza enyikima aphuma kwindawo yokuqala yenyikima-ngokukodwa ngeemarike zentengiso, urhwebo, kunye namakhonkco emali," wabhala uMlawuli woPhando, uPierre-Olivier Gourinchas, Intshayelelo kuhlelo luka-Epreli lwe-World Economic Outlook.“Ngenxa yokuba iRussia ingumboneleli ophambili weoyile, irhasi kunye nesinyithi, kwaye, kunye neUkraine, ingqolowa kunye nombona, ukwehla kwangoku kunye nokulindelweyo ekuboneleleni kwezi mveliso sele kunyuse amaxabiso azo ngokukhawuleza.IYurophu, iCaucasus kunye ne-Asia Ephakathi, uMbindi Mpuma kunye noMntla Afrika, kunye ne-Afrika engaphantsi kwe-Sahara zichaphazelekayo.Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso okutya kunye nepetroli kuya kwenzakalisa amakhaya anengeniso ephantsi kwihlabathi liphela—kuquka amazwe aseMelika naseAsia.”
Kuyavunywa-ngenceba yezopolitiko kunye nokungavisisani kwezorhwebo-uqoqosho lwehlabathi lwalusele lulandela indlela eyehlayo ngaphambi kwemfazwe kunye nobhubhane.Ngo-2019, kwiinyanga nje ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba i-Covid-19 iphucule ubomi njengoko sasisazi, umlawuli olawulayo we-IMF, uKristalina Georgiaieva, walumkisa: “Kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo, uqoqosho lwehlabathi belukwimeko entle.Xa kulinganiswa yi-GDP, phantse i-75% yehlabathi ibikhula ngokukhawuleza.Namhlanje, ngakumbi uqoqosho lwehlabathi luhamba ngokuhambelanayo.Kodwa ngelishwa, eli xesha ukukhula kuncipha.Ukuchaneka, ngo-2019 silindele ukukhula okucothayo malunga ne-90% yehlabathi. ”
Ukudodobala kwezoqoqosho bekusoloko kubabetha kanobom abanye abantu kunabanye kodwa ukungalingani kuye kwandiswa ngubhubhane.Ukungalingani kuyanda phakathi kwezizwe eziphambili nezisakhasayo kunye nemimandla.
I-IMF ivavanye ukusebenza kwezoqoqosho kumazwe ahambele phambili kwezoqoqosho kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo, kwaye yafumanisa ukuba iyantlukwano yamazwe angaphantsi inyukile ukusukela ekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1980.Ezi zikhewu kwi-GDP ye-capita nganye ziyazingisa, zikhula ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye zinokuba zikhulu ngakumbi kunomahluko phakathi kwamazwe.
Xa kuziwa kuqoqosho lwemimandla ehlwempuzekileyo, bonke babonisa iimpawu ezifanayo ezibabeka emngciphekweni omkhulu xa kufika ingxaki.Bathanda ukuba basemaphandleni, abangafundanga kwaye bakhethekileyo kumacandelo emveli afana nezolimo, ukuvelisa kunye nemigodi, ngelixa amazwe ahambele phambili ehlala ezidolophini, abafundileyo kwaye bakhethekileyo kumacandelo eenkonzo zokukhula kwemveliso ephezulu efana neteknoloji yolwazi, imali kunye nonxibelelwano.Ukulungelelaniswa nokothuka okubi kuyacotha kwaye kuneziphumo ezibi ezihlala ixesha elide ekusebenzeni kwezoqoqosho, zigqithisa isiphumo sezinye iziphumo ezingafunekiyo ezisukela kwintswela-ngqesho ephezulu kunye nokuncipha kwemvakalelo yentlalontle yomntu.Ubhubhani kunye nengxaki yokutya yehlabathi ebangelwe yimfazwe yaseUkraine bubungqina obucacileyo baloo nto.
| Ummandla | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 5-Yeminyaka Avg.GDP % |
| Ihlabathi | 3.6 | 2.9 | -3.1 | 6.1 | 3.6 | 2.6 |
| Uqoqosho olukwinqanaba eliphezulu | 2.3 | 1.7 | -4.5 | 5.2 | 3.3 | 1.6 |
| Indawo ye-Euro | 1.8 | 1.6 | -6.4 | 5.3 | 2.8 | 1.0 |
| Uqoqosho oluphambili oluphambili (G7) | 2.1 | 1.6 | -4.9 | 5.1 | 3.2 | 1.4 |
| Uqoqosho olukwinqanaba eliphambili ngaphandle kwe-G7 kunye nendawo ye-euro) | 2.8 | 2.0 | -1.8 | 5.0 | 3.1 | 2.2 |
| udibano lwaseyurophu | 2.2 | 2.0 | -5.9 | 5.4 | 2.9 | 1.3 |
| Imarike ekhulayo kunye noqoqosho oluphuhlayo | 4.6 | 3.7 | -2.0 | 6.8 | 3.8 | 3.4 |
| iCommonwealth of Independent States | 6.4 | 5.3 | -0.8 | 7.3 | 5.4 | 4.7 |
| Esahlumayo kunye nokuphuhlisa iYurophu | 3.4 | 2.5 | -1.8 | 6.7 | -2.9 | 1.6 |
| I-ASEAN-5 | 5.4 | 4.9 | -3.4 | 3.4 | 5.3 | 3.1 |
| ILatin America kunye neCaribbean | 1.2 | 0.1 | -7.0 | 6.8 | 2.5 | 0.7 |
| kuMbindi Mpuma nakuMbindi weAsia | 2.7 | 2.2 | -2.9 | 5.7 | 4.6 | 2.4 |
| Kwi-Afrika ekwi-Sub-Sahara | 3.3 | 3.1 | -1.7 | 4.5 | 3.8 | 2.6 |
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-14-2022