Kukula kwachuma padziko lonse lapansi kukucheperachepera ndipo kungayambitse kugwa kwachuma.

Okutobala watha, International Monetary Fund (IMF) idaneneratu kuti chuma cha padziko lonse chidzakula 4.9% mu 2022. Patatha pafupifupi zaka ziwiri zodziwika ndi mliriwu, chinali chizindikiro cholandirika kuti pang'onopang'ono kubwerera kukhalidwe labwino.Mu lipoti lake lapachaka, IMF idachita chidwi ndikuwonetsa kuti pomwe mliri ukupitilira, momwemonso - ngakhale mosagwirizana m'magawo onse - kuyambiranso kwachuma.

Miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yokha pambuyo pake, IMF idakonzanso zoneneratu zake: ayi, idati, chaka chino chuma chidzangokulira mpaka 3.6%.Kudula - 1.3 mfundo zochepa kuposa zomwe zinanenedweratu kale ndipo imodzi mwa ndalama zazikulu kwambiri za Fund kuyambira chiyambi cha zaka za zana - zinali chifukwa chachikulu (mosadabwitsa) chifukwa cha nkhondo ku Ukraine.

"Zotsatira zachuma zankhondo zikufalikira kutali - monga mafunde a chivomerezi omwe amachokera pachivomezi chachikulu - makamaka kudzera m'misika yazamalonda, malonda, ndi kulumikizana kwazachuma," adalemba motero Mtsogoleri wa Kafukufuku, Pierre-Olivier Gourinchas, m'mabuku. Mawu oyamba a Epulo ya World Economic Outlook."Chifukwa dziko la Russia ndilogulitsa kwambiri mafuta, gasi, ndi zitsulo, ndipo, pamodzi ndi Ukraine, tirigu ndi chimanga, kuchepa kwaposachedwa komanso kuyembekezera kutsika kwa zinthuzi kwachititsa kuti mitengo yawo ikwere kwambiri.Europe, Caucasus ndi Central Asia, Middle East ndi North Africa, ndi kum'mwera kwa Sahara Africa ndi omwe akhudzidwa kwambiri.Kukwera kwamitengo ya chakudya ndi mafuta kudzasokoneza mabanja omwe amapeza ndalama zochepa padziko lonse lapansi, kuphatikiza ku America ndi Asia. ”

Zowona, mwachilolezo cha kusamvana pakati pazandale komanso zamalonda - chuma chadziko lapansi chinali kale chikuyenda bwino nkhondo ndi mliri usanachitike.Mu 2019, miyezi ingapo Covid-19 isanakhazikitse moyo monga momwe timadziwira, woyang'anira wamkulu wa IMF, Kristalina Georgiaieva, anachenjeza kuti: "Zaka ziwiri zapitazo, chuma cha padziko lonse chinkayenda bwino.Poyesedwa ndi GDP, pafupifupi 75% yapadziko lonse lapansi ikukwera.Masiku ano, chuma chambiri padziko lonse lapansi chikuyenda molumikizana.Koma mwatsoka, nthawi iyi kukula kukuchepa.Kunena zowona, mu 2019 tikuyembekeza kukula pang'onopang'ono pafupifupi 90% yapadziko lonse lapansi. "

Kugwa kwachuma kwakhala kukuvutitsa anthu ena kuposa ena koma kusalingana kwakula kwambiri ndi mliri.Kusafanana kukukulirakulira m'maiko otsogola ndi omwe akutukuka kumene komanso madera.

IMF yawunika momwe chuma chikuyendera m'maiko otsogola pazaka makumi angapo zapitazi, ndikupeza kuti kusiyana kwa mayiko kwakwera kuyambira kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1980.Mipata imeneyi pa GDP pa munthu aliyense ikupitirira, ikuwonjezeka pakapita nthawi ndipo ikhoza kukhala yaikulu kuposa kusiyana kwa mayiko.

Ponena za chuma cha m'madera osauka, onse amawonetsa mikhalidwe yofanana yomwe imawayika pachiwopsezo chachikulu pakagwa mavuto.Amakonda kukhala akumidzi, osaphunzira komanso apadera m'magawo azikhalidwe monga zaulimi, zopanga ndi migodi, pomwe mayiko otsogola nthawi zambiri amakhala akumatauni, ophunzira komanso apadera m'magawo okulitsa zokolola zambiri monga ukadaulo wazidziwitso, zachuma ndi kulumikizana.Kusintha kwa zinthu zododometsa kumachita pang'onopang'ono ndipo kumakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zakhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali pazachuma, zomwe zimawonjezera zotsatira zina zosafunika kuyambira pa ulova wambiri komanso kuchepa kwa moyo wabwino wamunthu.Mliri komanso vuto lazakudya padziko lonse lapansi loyambika chifukwa cha nkhondo ya ku Ukraine ndi umboni woonekeratu wa izi.